Limult Property Value
What is property value?
Property value refers to the worth of a piece of real estate based on the price that a buyer and seller agree upon. According to economic theory, the value of a property converges at the point where the forces of supply meet the forces of demand. In other words, the value of a property at any given time is determined by what the market will bear.
Property value example
The value of your property matters in terms of how much you will be able to sell it for, but there are other issues to consider. Property value impacts:
- Your ability to refinance your mortgage or take out a line-of-credit, using your property as collateral.
- Property taxes, pushing them higher or lower.
- The overall value of your neighborhood.
Economic Factors Affecting Property Value
If the house down the street sold for a price that is higher than your CMA suggests, take a look at the mortgage market. Have interest rates risen since that sale, slowing down sales? . Is employment looking bright for the immediate future and are new companies moving in? Then property values will increase. Staying abreast of the economic indicators for your area helps explain your property's changing value.
Other Valuations, Other Purposes
A lender's appraisal carries weight when establishing a property's value. If the appraisal comes in below what a buyer is willing to pay, negotiations as to who makes up the difference can send a deal down the tubes. Lender appraisals delve deeper into the analysis of the property than a CMA, and the more recent the sale the more weight that sale price carries when arriving at a value.
A property assessor's appraisal is done to establish a tax base for the property and should not be used to establish a property's value. Most assessors' appraisals contain deductions for homesteading, tax benefits pertaining to the community, age benefits and other factors that lower the evaluation.
Are you thinking of purchasing or selling a property? feel free to contact Limult Group on +2347052446249 or visit our store at www.limult.com/shop to see more products that we make available
Limult Laterite for Road Construction
Laterite is both a soil and a rock type rich in iron and aluminum and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-red coloration, because of high iron oxide content. They develop by intensive and prolonged weathering of the underlying parent rock. Tropical weathering (laterization) is a prolonged process of chemical weathering which produces a wide variety in the thickness, grade, chemistry and ore mineralogy of the resulting soils. The majority of the land area containing laterites is between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn.
The term ‘Laterite’ appeared in academic literature over a century ago. Buchanan (1807) first used this term to denote a building material in the mountainous region of Malabar, India (Maignien, 1966). The term ‘Laterite’ could mean brick earth in some local dialects but the name ‘latérite’ got its meaning from a Latin word later, meaning ‘brick’ and so relating solely to the use of these soils in block making (Prescott and Pendleton, 1952 in Gidigasu, 1974). There have been so many arguments,
Characterisation of laterite for road construction
Lateritic soils exist in many places in tropical regions of Africa and America. They are frequently used for road construction. It is important to use them in an optimized way and attempts are made to improve their description and characterization for road applications. Laboratory work done in Brazil, Senegal and France was aimed at including specific properties of laterites in their classification, especially the degradability of their gravelly and sandy fractions due to weathering and compaction during construction works. The paper presents results of laboratory tests, which highlight the importance of particle size reduction due to compaction and its variability. The link between the grain sizes of raw laterites and those of the same laterite after compaction should be further studied, in order to help the road designer in tropical and equatorial countries.
Structure, Composition and Properties of Lateritic Soils
Laterites vary greatly in structure, but can be reduced to the following three structural patterns:
(a) The indurated elements form a continuous, coherent skeleton;
(b) The indurated elements are free concretions or nodules in an earthy matrix;
(c) The indurated elements cement pre-existing materials. These structural patterns exhibit great variability in relation to the shape and size of the elements involved and the degree of induration. The degree of hardness ranges from products that are practically unconsolidated and scarcely coherent to the hardest blocks which can be broken only with a hammer. Induration is an empirical criterion, as it is impossible to give quantitative expressions to any character related to the mechanical properties of the material. The usual definition of induration is a state in which the hard brittle consistency of the medium is not affected by humidity. Induration, which involves the precipitation of goethite in a reticular network, is influenced by composition and the extent of crystallization of the components in the soil: the higher the sesqui oxide content, the greater the induration. In other words, hardness increases as the iron content increases; the hardest laterites are also the least hydrated.
Laterites vary in color, but are usually brightly colored. The shades most frequently encountered are pink, ochre, red and brown; however, some occurrences are mottled and streaked with violet, and others exhibit green marbling. A single sample may exhibit a whole range of colors merging more or less perceptibly into one another in a variety of patterns and forms. Laterites owe their color to iron oxides in various states of hydration and sometimes also to manganese. Their mineralogy generally involves quartz, kaolinite, hematite, goethite, and sometime maghemite. Kaolinite is always present with iron oxides. The physical properties of lateritic soil vary according to the mineralogical composition and particle size distribution of the soil. The granulometry can vary from very fine to gravel according to its origin, thus influencing geotechnical properties such as plasticity and compressive strength. One of the main advantages of lateritic material is that it does not readily swell with water. This makes it an excellent packing material particularly when it is not too sandy.
Improving Lateritic Soils for Construction Purposes
Stabilization processes are very complex because many parameters come into play. The knowledge of soil properties can help to better consider what changes, the economic studies (cost and time), as well as production and construction techniques to use. The simplest process consists of taking soil and drying it in open-air. It is the ―pise technique, rammed earth, adobe, and brick dried in the sun, widely used in the majority of African countries. More elaborate processes can include heat treatment, or mixing soil with ordinary Portland cement, lime, etc.
Limult Group sells quality Laterite for road constructions_ thus providing for the nation. Feel free to visit our store at www.limult.com/shop to see more products that we make available for the people. For further inquiries, call us on +2347052446249.
Limult Survey Plans
A land survey represents pictorially the legal boundaries and dimensions of a surveyed parcel of land. It identifies the type and location of monuments or survey posts set in the ground to define the boundaries of the parcel. Some types of survey plans are subdivision plan, reference plan, posting plan, air space plan or strata plan.
Survey plans are prepared by professional Limult land surveyors for filing in a land title office. Many historical survey plans are available only in hardcopy format.
A plan is a technical and legal document prepared by a registered cadastral surveyor.
A plan is considered current until a new survey has been conducted and registered for the subject lot, and a new title issued. The certificate for each lot in Limult refers to the current survey plan. A plan may be the current plan for some of the lots shown on the plan, but other lots may have been cancelled by a newer plan. This may mean that a current plan of a lot could be from the 1900s, whereas the current plan for a nearby lot may be either newer or older.
A survey plan does not include building location unless the property is a building unit. For more information on buildings, contact the relevant local government.
Survey plans do not contain land contours. A registered surveyor can create these plans for you.
A current plan of a lot may not show easements, leases or covenants as such interests may have been created by a different survey plan.
Reading a survey plan
A survey plan will include bearings, distances and area for all parcels covered by the survey plan. Sometimes the measurements for an individual parcel are not included. This occurs where the dimensions of one parcel are the same as the adjacent lots (e.g. if lots 1 to 20 are all the same size, the dimensions may only be shown on lot 1).
A survey plan does not include the measurements from the kerb to the property boundary.
Depending on when the survey was conducted, the information recorded on the plan may vary.
For example:
- Some older plans may include roman numerals, notes and annotations, or the word 'road' when the road had not been named at the time of survey.
- A survey plan may also include old street names.
- Historical survey plans may include county prefixes and prefix abbreviations.
- Depending on the age of a plan, dimensions may be recorded in a number of formats and you may need to convert from imperial to metric.
Contact us
If you need a survey plans service or you have questions about survey plans, Feel free to visit our store at www.limult.com/shop For further inquiries, call us on +2347052446249.
Limult Plaster Sand
Plaster Sand not only can be used to make plaster but it can also be used in a cement/sand/gravel mix to make concrete. Use Plaster Sand to set pavers, or fill in holes and low spots in your lawn.
Plastering is one of the most ancient building techniques. Evidence indicates that primitive peoples plastered their reed or sapling shelters with mud, thus developing more durable structures and more effective screens against vermin and inclement weather. More lasting and slightly materials in time replaced mud. Some of the earliest plastering extant is of a quality comparable to that used in modern times. The pyramids of Egypt contain plasterwork executed at least 4,000 years ago that is still hard and durable. The principal tools of the plasterer of that time were in design and purpose like those used today. For their finest work the Egyptians used a plaster made from calcined gypsum that is identical to plaster of Paris.
Plaster as a medium of artistic expression waned by the 19th century, when imitation and mechanical reproduction displaced this creative art. However, as a surface material for interior walls and ceilings and to a lesser degree for exterior walls, plaster remains in common use. It facilitates cleanliness and sanitation in building and is a retardant to the spread of fire.
which sand is best for plastering?
Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles. It provides the structure of plaster, and the quality of your sand can make the difference between success and failure.
Basically river sand are used for any plastering work. Generally, in any plastering work plasterers are used natural sand, crushed stone sand or crushed gravel sand. Though, there is a grading limit of sand which are used in plastering work. Other types of sand will also work, but it could be more expensive to use.
Limult Group sells quality plaster sand for strong housing construction_ thus providing for the nation. Feel free to visit our store at www.limult.com/shop to see more products that we make available for the people. For further inquiries, call us on +2347052446249.
BRICKS BY SHAPES
In the history of professional construction practices, brick is one of the oldest of all building materials. It is also arguably the most durable since there are brick walls, foundations, pillars, and road surfaces constructed thousands of years ago that are still intact. Today, bricks are most often used for wall construction, especially as an ornamental outer wall surface.
Brick Defined
Officially, the term brick is used to denote a building unit made of shaped clay, but in modern times it is used to refer to any stone- or clay-based building unit that is joined with cementitious mortar when used in construction. Typically, bricks are about 4 wide, 8 inches long, with a variety of thicknesses. Larger stone- or clay-based building units of the type used in foundations are usually called blocks.
How Bricks Are Categorized
There are several ways that brick can be categorized. For example, you can divide brick into the types used for facing (exposed and visible on the exterior of a structure) vs. backing bricks (which are used structurally and are hidden from view). Another means of categorizing brick is according to how they are manufactured: unfired (brick that is air-cured) and fired (brick that is baked in ovens to harden it). Bricks can be also categorized according to their typical use: common bricks or engineering bricks. For purposes of residential construction, it is usually common bricks that are of most interest, since engineering bricks are more often used in civil engineering projects, such as road or bridge construction, or sewers construction.
Bricks can also be categorized according to their shape. Some common shapes include:
- Brick veneers: These bricks are thin and used for surface cladding.
- Airbricks: These bricks contain large holes to circulate air and lessen weight. They are used on suspended floors and cavity walls.
- Perforated bricks: These bricks contain many cylindrical holes drilled throughout the brick. They are very light in weight.
- Bullnose brick: These are bricks moulded with round angles.
- Paving bricks: These bricks contain a good amount of iron. They are used in underfoot paving applications.
- Capping bricks: These bricks are used to cap the tops of freestanding walls.
- Hollow bricks: About one-third of the weight of the normal bricks, these are used mostly in partition walls where load-bearing is not required.
The African hut
A hut is a building of a lower quality than a house (durable, well-built dwelling) but higher quality than a shelter (place of refuge or safety) such as a tent and is used as temporary or seasonal shelter or in primitive societies as a permanent dwelling.
The hut in the 21st century
Although huts still exist in poor, mostly rural Africa, one could safely argue that they are a thing of the past; that these structures have been overtaken by technology and modernization. However, due to their benefits, like natural air conditioning, serenity and tranquility, the hut has found its way into the modern age.
Huts are not only environmentally friendly but also economically sound. A grass-thatched house is cool and when you drink water kept in a pot, it is as cold as water from the fridge,
The re-emergence of the hut stems from the increasing temperature in Africa due to global warming. In order to attract clients, hotels and luxury pubs have adopted a grass-thatched style for their cottages and bars. Huts are very comfortable. This is mainly because of the building materials used. Both clay and grass are good insulators, but they are porous and allow a free flow of air.
It is often very hot during the afternoons in Africa. The hut remains cool and is a welcome resting place. At night, when temperatures fall, the hut retains its daytime temperature, keeping the inhabitants warm.
The question of whether the re-appearance of huts in Africa and beyond is a positive development or a sign of Africans not letting go of their “primitive” past is indeed a question that can be debated.