Limult Phosphate Mining and Processing Factory in Nigeria
Phosphorus is not one of the most common elements in Earth's crust and mantle, yet it essential for all life, plant and animal. Phosphorus makes up our bones and teeth, and importantly, phosphorus comprises DNA.
Even though plants require more nitrogen and oxygen than they do phosphorus, phosphorus is often the limiting nutrient; the amount of available phosphorus determines the amount of plant growth and development. Where phosphorus is plentiful, plants thrive, and vice versa. However, plants cannot absorb limitless amounts of phosphorus. Phosphorus not used by plants remains in the soil or runs off in streams and groundwater.
In a given area of land, plants grow and remove phosphorus from the soil. But then those plants die, and the phosphorus is their tissues is recycled back into the soil. When land is farmed, plants absorb the phosphorus, but then the plants are removed to be eaten. Because this reduces the amount of soil phosphorus available, humans started adding phosphorus fertilizer to soils.
Some of the fertilizer was organic, from ground up bones or mined guano (bat dung). But humans then started mining phosphorus from both igneous and sedimentary (but mostly sedimentary) rock. The use of inorganic phosphate fertilizer (aka chemical fertilizer) greatly altered the phosphorus cycle.
Phosphorus in rock is pretty insoluble and thus not directly available to plants. In nature, rock phosphate can become soluble (and available to plants) either by chemical weathering or through the actions of certain types of plants. The solubility also depends on rock type and the pH of the soil; phosphorus is most soluble when contained in sedimentary rocks as opposed to igneous rock, and when soil pH is between 5.5 and 7.2.
Therefore, spreading phosphate rock on fields had little effect on plant growth. However, in the mid-1800s, chemists discovered that mixing sulfuric acid with phosphate rock would make a soluble fine powder called superphosphate; this discovery turned phosphate rock into the valuable fertilizer it is today. A caveat, however, is that once fertilizer is applied to the soil, the phosphorus not absorbed by plants can adhere to soil or clay particles, and become an insoluble solid once again.
LIMULT is a leading specialty chemicals company. The core business of LIMULT in the chemical Industry is the development, manufacturing and marketing of chemical intermediates.
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+2347052446249 for more information on our redefining industry development
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Limult Limestone Mining and Processing Factory in Nigeria
Limestone is composed mostly of the mineral calcite and comprising about 15% of the Earth’s sedimentary crust. It is a basic building block of the construction industry (dimension stone) and a chief material from which aggregate, cement, lime and building stone are made. 71% of all crushed stone produced is either limestone or dolomite. As a source for lime, it is used to make paper, plastics, glass, paint, steel, cement, carpets, used in water treatment and purification plants and in the processing of various foods and household items (including medicines).
Limestone is a rock with an enormous diversity of uses. Most limestone is made into crushed stone and used as a construction material for road base and railroad ballast as well as an aggregate in concrete.
Some additional but also important uses of limestone include dimension stone for use in construction and in architecture, roofing granules applied as a weather and heat-resistant coating on asphalt-impregnated roofing, flux stone in smelting and other metal refining processes, as well as the production of Portland cement.
The largest use of lime is in steel manufacturing where lime is used as a flux to remove impurities such as phosphorus and sulfur. Lime is used in power plant smokestacks to remove sulfur from the emissions. Lime is also used in mining, paper and paper pulp production, water treatment and purification, and in wastewater treatment. It is used in road construction and traditional building construction.
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Limult Magnesite Mining and Processing Factory in Nigeria
Magnesium is the lightest of all metals, being about two-thirds lighter than aluminum. Magnesium is non-toxic, non-magnetic, has high-impact strength and is resistant to denting. Magnesium is too reactive to occur in nature as an element, but its compounds are common.
Magnesium is used in super-strong, lightweight materials and alloys. For example, when infused with silicon carbide nanoparticles, it has extremely high specific strength.
Magnesium is one of the most abundant element in the Earth's crust. Elemental magnesium is a gray-white lightweight metal and occurs naturally only in combination with other elements. The metal can be produced artificially, but is highly reactive.
When exposed to the atmosphere it is coated in a thin layer of oxide that partly inhibits reactivity. Magnesium is used in super-strong, lightweight materials and alloys.
The largest single use for magnesium metal is in aluminum alloying, accounting for about 50% of the total magnesium metal consumption. The addition of magnesium to aluminum produces high-strength, corrosion-resistant alloys.
About 20% is used in castings and wrought products including machinery, tools and other consumer products such as parts for cars. Magnesium is also useful in removing sulfur in the production of iron and steel, and the production of titanium in the Kroll process.
Limult corporate purpose is to bring people and resources together. We poses
the best capabilities, best commodities and best assets, to create
long-term value and high returns.
We are among the world’s top producers of major commodities, including iron
ore, metallurgical coal and copper with substantial interests in oil, gas and
energy coal.
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industry development services or visit our store at www.limult.com/shop
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Limult Lead Mining and Processing Factory in Nigeria
Lead is a dense, soft, low-melting metal. It is an important component of batteries, and about 75% of the world's lead production is consumed by the battery industry. Lead is the densest common metal except for gold, and this quality makes it effective in sound barriers and as a shield against X-rays. Lead resists corrosion by water, so it has long been used in the plumbing industry. It is also added to paints, and it makes a long-lasting roofing material.
Lead is a health hazard to humans if it is inhaled or ingested, interfering with the production of red blood cells. Its use must be carefully controlled, and several formerly common uses of lead are now restricted by the government.
Lead paint is found in many older buildings, but it is now mostly used on outdoor steel structures such as bridges, to improve their weatherability. A lead compound called tetraethyl lead was added to gasoline as early as 1921 because it prevented the "knocking" problem of high-compression automobile engines. However, most gasoline now contains no lead, because lead from car exhaust was a major source of air pollution.
Lead is also commonly used in glass and enamel. In television picture tubes and computer video display terminals, lead helps block radiation, and the inner, though not the outer, portion of the common light bulb is made of leaded glass. Lead also increases the strength and brilliance of crystal glassware. Lead is used to make bearings and solder, and it is important in rubber production and oil refining.
Raw Materials
Lead is extracted from ores dug from under-ground mines. More than 60 minerals contain some form of lead, but only three are usually mined for lead production. The most common is called galena. The pure form of galena contains only lead and sulfur, but it is usually found with traces of other metals in it, including silver, copper, zinc, cadmium, and antimony as well as arsenic.
Two other minerals commercially mined for lead are cerussite and anglesite. Over 95% of all lead mined is derived from one of these three minerals. However, most deposits of these ores are not found alone but mixed with other minerals such as pyrite, marcasite, and zinc blende. Therefore much lead ore is obtained as a byproduct of other metal mining, usually zinc or silver. Only half of all lead used yearly derives from mining, as half is recovered through recycling, mostly of automobile batteries.
LIMULT group provides whole Line Plant & Design Personnel Training, helping mine owners with Equipment Procurement and Construction from ore to pure gold.
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Limult Kaolin Mining and Processing Factory in Nigeria
Kaolin is mined and processed for diverse end-use markets. Its versatility derives from its naturally occurring range of crystal shapes, sizes ,and layer structures. These attributes, along with desirable rheological, chemical, and optical properties, give kaolinites value as an industrial raw material.
Kaolin has limited utility in its raw form, and the majority of end-use applications require a refined product derived from a combination of controlled mining and selective processing to engineer specific properties. Kaolin mining began in the Neolithic when early humans discovered that the material could be used as a white pigment for painting and decoration.
These miners devised simple process to transform the raw mineral into a form that could be more readily applied to surfaces. The process started with digging kaolin from river banks, drying it, grinding it into a fine powder, and finally mixing it with various binders, including animal fat, saliva, water, and blood.
For thousands of years after the first kaolin-based paint was placed in the hands of prehistoric artists, kaolin mining and processing barely changed. Small advances were made as new applications were discovered, but the basic process remained more or less the same. In some parts of the world, the same small-scale mining methods that provided clay for cave art are still employed today to extract clay for mud huts, earthenware pottery, and handmade tile.
LIMULT group provides whole Line Plant & Design Personnel Training, helping mine owners with Equipment Procurement and Construction from ore to pure gold.
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Limult Iron Mining and Processing Factory in Nigeria
The raw materials used to produce pig iron in a blast furnace are iron ore, coke, sinter, and limestone. Iron ores are mainly iron oxides and include magnetite, hematite, limonite, and many other rocks. The iron content of these ores ranges from 70% down to 20% or less. Coke is a substance made by heating coal until it becomes almost pure carbon. Sinter is made of lesser grade, finely divided iron ore which, is roasted with coke and lime to remove a large amount of the impurities in the ore. Limestone occurs naturally and is a source of calcium carbonate.
Other metals are sometimes mixed with iron in the production of various forms of steel, such as chromium, nickel, manganese, molybdenum, and tungsten.
The Ore Extraction and Refining Process
Before iron ore can be used in a blast furnace, it must be extracted from the ground and partially refined to remove most of the impurities.
Historically, iron was produced by the hot-blast method, or later, the anthracite furnace. Either way, the fundamental activity in iron making involved a worker stirring small batches of pig iron and cinder until the iron separated from the slag. Called "puddling," this was highly skilled work, but was also hot, strenuous, and dangerous. It required a lot of experience as well as a hearty constitution.
Limult Group has a long history of building facilities that drive greater value. From exceptional levels of quality and safety — to ease of maintenance over time, we are firmly committed to helping our clients and partners achieve the short- and long-term strategic goals of every project we do.
Contact us at +2347052446249 for more information on our redefining industry development services or visit our store at www.limult.com/shop to see more products that we make available for the people.